An illustrative studio note. This is an exploratory direction, not a published research result.
The question
A small mathematical rule can produce a surprisingly rich visual object. A torus needs only two angles and two radii, yet its appearance changes dramatically with the viewpoint and sampling density.
The exploration
This notebook explores the difference between a mathematical surface and the way that surface is rendered. Changing the tube radius modifies the geometry. Changing the rotation modifies the projection. Changing line density modifies only the representation.
What comes next
Keeping those distinctions visible makes generative artwork a useful teaching material. The accompanying surface explorer lets you modify the geometry and observe it from different angles. These are exploratory studio notes, not claims of a new mathematical result.